Voynich Manuscript PDF Summary
Dear readers, here we are offering Voynich Manuscript PDF to all of you. This is a book written in an unknown script. This book was written 600 years ago. Who is its author? And in what language was this book written, or why? No one has been able to know this to date.
It was discovered by Carbon Dating that this manuscript was written between the years 1404 to 1438, i.e. in the 15th century. This book was named after Wilfrid Voynich, a book dealer in Italy because he bought this book in the year 1912. Many pages are missing in this book. Despite this, there are still about 240 pages in this book.
Voynich Manuscript PDF – Illustrations
The illustrations are conventionally used to divide most of the manuscript into six different sections since the text cannot be read. Each section is typified by illustrations with different styles and supposed subject matter except for the last section, in which the only drawings are small stars in the margin. The followings are the sections and their conventional names:
- Herbal, 112 folios:
Each page displays one or two plants and a few paragraphs of text, a format typical of European herbals of the time. Some parts of these drawings are larger and cleaner copies of sketches seen in the “pharmaceutical” section. None of the plants depicted are unambiguously identifiable.
- Astronomical, 21 folios:
Contains circular diagrams suggestive of astronomy or astrology, some of them with suns, moons, and stars. One series of 12 diagrams depicts conventional symbols for the zodiacal constellations (two fish for Pisces, a bull for Taurus, a hunter with a crossbow for Sagittarius, etc.). Each of these has 30 female figures arranged in two or more concentric bands.
Most of the females are at least partly nude, and each holds what appears to be a labeled star or is shown with the star attached to either arm by what could be a tether or cord of some kind. The last two pages of this section were lost (Aquarius and Capricornus, roughly January and February), while Aries and Taurus are split into four paired diagrams with 15 women and 15 stars each. Some of these diagrams are on fold-out pages.
- Balneological, 20 folios:
A dense, continuous text interspersed with drawings, mostly showing small nude women, some wearing crowns, bathing in pools or tubs connected by an elaborate network of pipes. The bifolio consists of folios 78 (verso) and 81 (recto); it forms an integrated design, with water flowing from one folio to the other.
- Cosmological, 13 folios:
More circular diagrams, but they are of an obscure nature. This section also has foldouts; one of them spans six pages, commonly called the Rosettes folio, and contains a map or diagram with nine “islands” or “rosettes” connected by “causeways” and containing castles, as well as what might be a volcano.
- Pharmaceutical, 34 folios:
Many labeled drawings of isolated plant parts (roots, leaves, etc.), objects resembling apothecary jars, ranging in style from the mundane to the fantastical, and a few text paragraphs.
- Recipes, 22 folios:
Full pages of text are broken into many short paragraphs, each marked with a star in the left margin. Five folios contain only text, and at least 28 folios are missing from the manuscript.
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