Class 10 Biology Control and Coordination Notes PDF Summary
Dear users, today we are going to offer a Class 10 Biology Control and Coordination Notes PDF for all of you. Control and Coordination is one of the chapters of the Biology subject. The Class 10 Biology Control and Coordination can be very useful for those students who are studying in class 10th.
Control and Coordination are present in chapter 7 of class 10 of the science book. This is one of the most important chapters for science students. If you are one of the science students and want to get good marks in your exam then you can be preparing for the Class 10 Biology subject.
Here on this page, you will easily get complete notes regarding the Class 10 Biology Control and Coordination chapter 7 in PDF format which is totally free for everyone. Through the given notes, you will get all the important information related to Control and Coordination chapter.
Control and Coordination Class 10 Notes PDF
This article deals with control and coordination class 10 notes. Control and Coordination is the seventh chapter of CBSE Class 10 Science. First of all, we all know that the indication of being alive is if something moves. Moreover, some of these movements are due to the result of growth.
For example, when a seed germinates and grows, it pushes the soil and emerges out. Most noteworthy, these movements would not take place in case the growth of the plant were to be stopped. An important question that can be raised is why we associate such movements with life. The answer to this is that movement is believed to be a response to change in an organism’s environment.
Moreover, movement can also take place by living organisms to use environmental changes to their advantage. Therefore, this movement which takes place in response to the environment is carefully controlled. Living organisms must make use of systems that enable control and coordination.
Coordination in Plants
Unlike animals, plants do not have any muscular system or nervous system. But, they are still able to show movement and also coordination. These movements are always controlled and not haphazard. Let us learn more about coordination in plants.
Hormones in Animals
Both these systems act in a coordinated manner in animals, so as to regulate the various body activities. Let’s learn more about the hormones in animals.
Human Brain
Types of the Nervous System
The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system are the two parts of the nervous system.
Central Nervous System:
- The brain and spinal cord are part of the central nervous system. It receives data from the body and transmits instructions to certain organs. The forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain are the three major portions or areas of the brain.
- The forebrain is the region of the brain that is responsible for thinking. The cerebrum and diencephalon make up this structure. Memory and intelligence, as well as sense centres such as hearing, smell, and sight, are all housed in the cerebrum. The diencephalon is where pressure and discomfort are stored.
- The midbrain connects the forebrain to the hindbrain and regulates vision and hearing reflexes. The cerebellum, pons, and medulla make up the hindbrain. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating muscle actions as well as maintaining balance and posture.
Human Nervous System
The nervous system in humans can be divided into three main parts:1. Central Nervous System: The central nervous system is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain controls all the functions in the human body.
The spinal cord works as the relay channel for signals between the brain and the peripheral nervous system.
2. Peripheral Nervous System: The peripheral nervous system is composed of the cranial nerves and spinal nerves. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves. The cranial nerves come out of the brain and go to the organs in the head region. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
The spinal nerves come out of the spinal cord and go to the organs which are below the head region.
3. Autonomous Nervous System: The autonomous nervous system is composed of a chain of nerve ganglions which runs along the spinal cord. It controls all the involuntary actions in the human body.
The autonomous nervous system can be divided into two parts :
- Sympathetic nervous system.
- Parasympathetic nervous system.
Sympathetic Nervous System: This part of the autonomous nervous system heightens the activity of an organ as per the need. For example, during running, there is an increased demand for oxygen by the body.
This is fulfilled by an increased breathing rate and increased heart rate. The sympathetic nervous system works to increase the breathing rate the heart rate, in this case.
Parasympathetic Nervous System: This part of the autonomous nervous system slows down the activity of an organ and thus has a calming effect. During sleep, the breathing rate slows down and so does the heart rate.
This is facilitated by the parasympathetic nervous system. It can be said that the parasympathetic nervous system helps in the conservation of energy.
Control and Coordination Class 10 MCQ with Answers PDF
Q1) What is the function of the pituitary gland?
(a) to develop sex organs in males
(b) to stimulate growth in all organs
(c) to regulate sugar and salt levels in the body
(d) to initiate metabolism in the body
Q2) Which option correctly shows the order of events when a bright light is focused on our eyes?
(a) Bright light → receptors in eyes → sensory neuronàspinal cord → motor neurons → eyelid closes
(b) Bright light → receptors in eyes → spinal cord → sensory neuron → motor neurons → eyelid closes
(c) Bright light → receptors in eyes → sensory neurons → motor neurons → spinal cord → eyelid closes
(d) Bright light → receptors in eyes → spinal cordà motor neurons → sensory neuron → eyelid closes
Q3) When we touch the leaves of the “touch-me-not” plant, they begin to fold up and droop. How does the plant communicate the information of touch?
(a)The plant uses electrical signals to transfer information from the external environment to cells.
(b) The plant uses electrical-chemical signals to transfer information from cell to cell.
(c) The plant uses electrical-chemical signals to transfer information from tissue to specialized cells.
(d) The plant uses electrical signals to transfer information from cells to specialized tissues.
Q4) How will information travel within a neuron?
(a) Dendrite -> cell body -> axon -> nerve ending
(b) Dendrite -> axon -> cell body -> nerve ending
(c) Axon -> dendrite -> cell body -> nerve ending
(d) Axon -> cell body -> dendrite -> nerve ending
Q5) A female is suffering from an irregular menstrual cycle. The doctor prescribed her some hormonal tablets. Which option shows the hormone she lacks in her body from the endocrine gland?
(a) oestrogen
(b) testosterone
(c) adrenalin
(d) thyroxin
Q6) Which parts of the brain control the blood pressure?
(a) spinal cord, skull, hypothalamus
(b) cord, skull, cerebrum
(c) Pons, medulla, cerebellum
(d) pons, medulla, pituitary
Q7) Organisms depend on hormones as well as electric impulses for the transmission of signals from the brain to the rest of the body. What can be a likely advantage of hormones over electric impulses?
(a) It is secreted by all types of cells present in the body.
(b) It is secreted by stimulated cells and reaches all cells of the body.
(c) It is relayed to the target organ at a faster rate than electric impulses.
(d) It does not depend on an external stimulus to be generated in the cells.
Q8) In a synapse chemical signal is transmitted from ______.
A) from a dendrite of one neuron to the axonal end of other neurons
B) axon to the cell body of the same neuron
C) cell body to the axonal end of the same neuron
D) axonal end of one neuron to the dendrite of another neuron
Q9) In a neuron, conversion of an electric signal to a chemical reaction occurs at ______.
A) cell body
B) dendritic end
C) axonal terminals
D) axon
Q10) Impulse flows from ___.
A) dendrite to axon in same neuron
B) axon to dendrite
C) nodes of ranvier to axon
D) none
Q11) Which statement is wrong:
A) sudden action in response to something in environment is called reflex action
B) The path through which signals are transmitted from receptor to muscle is called reflex arc
C) Motor neurons carry signal from spinal cord to effector organs
D) Sensory neurons carry impulse from effector to receptors
Q12) The growth of tendrils in pea plant is due to ____.
A) effect of gravity
B) effect of chemicals
C) rapid cell divisions in tendriller cells that are away from support
D) rapid cell division in tendriller cells in contact with the support
Q13) Which of the following is plant hormone ?
A) insulin
B) thyroxine
C) oestrogen
D) cytokinin
Q14) The movement of root away from light is:
A) Positive phototropism
B) negative phototropism
C) negative hydrotropism
D) positive hydrotropism
Q15) The gap between two neurons is :
A) dendrite
B) synapse
C) axon
D) impulse
Q16) The brain is responsible for —————–.
A) Balancing of body
B) Thinking
C) Regulating heart beat
D) All
Q17) Which of the following pairs of brain part and its function are not correctly matched?
A) Pons -consciousness
B) cerebrum-memory and intelligence
C) cerebellum -balancing and posture
D) medulla -involuntary actions
Q18) In humans the life process is regulated and controlled by _______.
A) Reproductive and endocrine systems
B) Respiratory and Nervous systems
C) endocrine and digestive systems
D) nervous and endocrine system
Q19) Select the mismatched pairs :
A) Adrenaline-pituitary gland
B) Testosterone -testes
C) Estrogen -ovary
D) Thyroxine -thyroid gland
Q20- The rhythm of sleep in our body is controlled by __.
A) Thymus gland
B) Pineal gland
C) ACTH
D) ADH
Q21) In a neuron, conversion of the electrical signal to a chemical signal occurs in:
A) cell body
B) axonal end
C) axon
D) dendrite
Q22) Which of the following is not an involuntary action?
A) salivation
B) chewing
C) heart beat
D) vomiting
Q23) Which statement is not true about thyroxine?
A) Iron is essential for the synthesis of thyroxin
B) It regulates carbohydrates, protein and fat metabolism in the body
C) Thyroid gland requires iodine to synthesise thyroxin
D) Thyroxin is also called thyroid hormone
Q24) Dwarfism results due to _____.
A) Excess secretion of thyroxin
B) Less secretion of growth hormone
C) Less secretion of adrenaline
D) Excess secretion of growth hormone
Q25- Which is not a part of neuron ?
A) synaptic cleft
B) lobe
C) dendrite
D) nucleus
Q26) The point at which the terminal button and another neuron communicate is called____; communication here is made possible by the release of ____.
A) Axon hillock,hormones
B) Presynaptic membrane ,neurotransmitter
C) synapse ,neurotransmitter
D) synapse , hormones
Q27) ____ covers most of the axon, it is important because it ___.
A) Synovial fluid, facilitates electrical conduction of nerve cells
B) mylein, facilitates the release of neurotransmitter
C) CSF, increases conduction of impulse
D) membrane potential, increases conduction of impulse
Q28) The skeletal muscles are controlled by which nervous system ?
A) somatic N.S
B) Autonomic N.S
C) glial cells
D) all
Q29) _____ consists of brain and spine.
A) CNS
B) PNS
C) ANS
D) AAS
Q30) Nerves throughout the body other than Brain and spinal cord form ___.
A) CNS
B) PNS
C) ANS
D) AAS
Q31) Groups of neurons that make hundreds of synaptic connections with each other and work together are ______.
A) ganglia
B) neuronal pool
C) Autonomic system
D) somatic system
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